Hu Gadarn
The race of the Cymry not always lived on the island of Britain. In the gloomy past, they inhabited the country called Deffrobani summer. As they traveled, a great benefactor arose between them, to which the name Gaddarn Hu, Hu, the Mighty, was given. He invented the plow, and taught them to cultivate the soil. He divided in communities, and gave them laws, why the struggle and strife were divided. Under his guidance, they left the country this summer, and the Mor cruzarando Tawch in small boats, they came to the island of Britain, and took possession of it under the protection of God and His peace. Before that time, nobody lived in it, but it was full of bears, wolves, badgers and wild cattle, no one, therefore, was entitled to the Island of Britain beyond the Cymry, since they were first to settle there. They gave it the name Ilha do Mel, the large quantity of honey which they found (Britain is a name later). Hu governed them with justice, establishing rules and wise religious rites, and those who through God's grace had been given the poetic genius were made professors of wisdom. Through his songs and the story really was preserved through the ages until the art of writing was discovered.
Sometime after they arrived in Ilha do Mel, the Cymry were strongly attacked by a monster called an afanc, who broke the banks of Llyn Llion, where he lived, and flooded their lands. No spear, dart, arrow or make any marks on your skin, then Hu Gaddarn decided to remove him from his home and puts it where it does not do any harm. One girl drew him to her lair water, and while he slept with his head on her knees, he was arrested with long iron chains. When he woke up and realized what had been done, he arose and tore his lover in revenge, rushed to his old refuge. But the chains were attached to the herd of wild cattle Gaddarn Hu, who pulled him from the lake and dragged through the mountains to Llyn y Ffynnon Las, Lake Poço Verde, CWN Dyli in Snowdonia. A gorge through which they passed has always been called Bwlch Rhiw'r Ychen, the Cattle Canyon Tromp. One of the oxen lost one eye for his effort in the gorge, and the place was called Gwawn Llygad YCH, the Heath Bull's Eye. A well was formed where the bull's eye fell is known as Pwll Llygad YCH, the Pit Bull's Eye, the well never runs dry, though no water flow or lift him into it, except when the rain falls, and no water flowing from him, but he always has the same depth, reaching to the knees. The
afanc could not break the banks of Lake Green well, but it is dangerous to pass close to it. If a sheep falls into the lake, it is once pushed to the background, and is not saved or even a bird flying around there. Giraldus Cambrensis
Friday, November 21, 2008
Sunday, August 31, 2008
Departure Times From Pier Head, Liverpool,
Wales, Giraldus Cambrensis AND THE PROBLEM OF MEDIEVAL LITERATURE
, Gerald of Wales, Gerallt Gymro or Gerald of Wales, was an ecclesiastical authority, who lived between 1140 and 1220. Noble son of Welsh, he toured British Isles, collecting culture and habits of the peasants in various regions of Northumbria to Ireland, from Cornwall to Scotland.
As we understand about the work of Giraldus, it becomes extremely valuable for those studying the Celts and the possible evidence of their ancient religion surviving amid the folklore of these regions. It's his description of the ritual sacrifice of the mare in Ireland, as well as a description of Awenyddion Wales.
So if he is so valuable because it is in the title, the word "problem"? Because, Giraldus, at the height of the medieval era, was far from a man who could be called neutral. Son of nobles not only Welsh, but the Normans, it was obedience to the British crown and, moreover, should also obedience the Church itself. So if he is so kind to give us good information, many others can see that it conceals information under his blanket clerical, under the crown of England and Wales under the facade. And it is a facade that he defends well. Describes the Welsh as a people close to perfection, a terror to his enemies, but had already been conquered by the Normans at the time, and few battles. This defense of the Welsh people has more to do with the fact that these descendants of the Celts have been overwhelmed with more tricks than with political battles, and was a form of government the Anglo-Norman pretend that recognized their characteristics, they were real or imagined, yet it also showing them their faults, these very real. So when they tell us about the Welsh going into battle so terrifying and shouting, but are quickly defeated by organized units of battle, we see an almost identical story about how the Romans overcame the Celts. It was also true in the habit of drawing from the Celts, especially among their own tribes. This disunity was a major cause of his downfall. True was also the great respect for the family lineage among the Celts. A very interesting fact is seen when he speaks of corals. Welsh folk music is less known for their reels and jigs, Scottish and Irish like (although it does have them, usually played on flutes, violins and not using), but for its beautiful corals, showing that this is a tradition that had started the time before the Norman conquest. And the hospitality and generosity have always been virtues even Celts. But we must always be aware of the excesses of medieval chroniclers Giraldus and others, wanting to exalt his own people, the most diverse possible. For the Welsh were men, with much of Celtic yet, but humans (as the Celts themselves were) and certainly suffer from hunger, unlike the Welsh in that Giraldus describes below.
, Gerald of Wales, Gerallt Gymro or Gerald of Wales, was an ecclesiastical authority, who lived between 1140 and 1220. Noble son of Welsh, he toured British Isles, collecting culture and habits of the peasants in various regions of Northumbria to Ireland, from Cornwall to Scotland.
As we understand about the work of Giraldus, it becomes extremely valuable for those studying the Celts and the possible evidence of their ancient religion surviving amid the folklore of these regions. It's his description of the ritual sacrifice of the mare in Ireland, as well as a description of Awenyddion Wales.
So if he is so valuable because it is in the title, the word "problem"? Because, Giraldus, at the height of the medieval era, was far from a man who could be called neutral. Son of nobles not only Welsh, but the Normans, it was obedience to the British crown and, moreover, should also obedience the Church itself. So if he is so kind to give us good information, many others can see that it conceals information under his blanket clerical, under the crown of England and Wales under the facade. And it is a facade that he defends well. Describes the Welsh as a people close to perfection, a terror to his enemies, but had already been conquered by the Normans at the time, and few battles. This defense of the Welsh people has more to do with the fact that these descendants of the Celts have been overwhelmed with more tricks than with political battles, and was a form of government the Anglo-Norman pretend that recognized their characteristics, they were real or imagined, yet it also showing them their faults, these very real. So when they tell us about the Welsh going into battle so terrifying and shouting, but are quickly defeated by organized units of battle, we see an almost identical story about how the Romans overcame the Celts. It was also true in the habit of drawing from the Celts, especially among their own tribes. This disunity was a major cause of his downfall. True was also the great respect for the family lineage among the Celts. A very interesting fact is seen when he speaks of corals. Welsh folk music is less known for their reels and jigs, Scottish and Irish like (although it does have them, usually played on flutes, violins and not using), but for its beautiful corals, showing that this is a tradition that had started the time before the Norman conquest. And the hospitality and generosity have always been virtues even Celts. But we must always be aware of the excesses of medieval chroniclers Giraldus and others, wanting to exalt his own people, the most diverse possible. For the Welsh were men, with much of Celtic yet, but humans (as the Celts themselves were) and certainly suffer from hunger, unlike the Welsh in that Giraldus describes below.
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